Listing 1: The additions to WEB.XML required to use Struts

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>

org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet

</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>config</param-name>

<param-value>

/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml

</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>debug</param-name>

<param-value>2</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>mapping</param-name>

<param-value>

org.apache.struts.action.RequestActionMapping

</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<taglib-uri>

/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld

</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>

/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld

</taglib-location>

</taglib>

<taglib-uri>

/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld

</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>

/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld

</taglib-location>

</taglib>

<taglib-uri>

/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld

</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>

/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld

</taglib-location>

</taglib>

<taglib-uri>

/WEB-INF/struts-template.tld

</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>

/WEB-INF/struts-template.tld

</taglib-location>

</taglib>

Listing 2: A simple STRUTS-CONFIG.XML document

<struts-config>

<form-beans>

<form-bean

name="addItem"

type="schedule.ScheduleItem" />

</form-beans>

<action-mappings>

<action

path="/sched"

type="schedule.ViewScheduleAction" />

<action

path="/schedEntry"

type="schedule.ScheduleEntryAction" />

<action

path="/add"

type="schedule.AddToScheduleAction"

name="addItem"

input="/ScheduleEntryView.jsp"

validate="true" />

</action-mappings>

</struts-config>

Listing 3: A small Action subclass

package schedule;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.*;

public class ViewScheduleAction extends Action {

public ViewScheduleAction() {

}

public ActionForward perform(

ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,

HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)

throws java.io.IOException,

javax.servlet.ServletException {

ScheduleBean sb = new ScheduleBean();

sb.populate();

request.setAttribute("scheduleBean", sb);

return new ActionForward("/ScheduleView.jsp");

}

Listing 4: The View JSP for the schedule application

<jsp:useBean id="scheduleBean" scope="request"
class="schedule.ScheduleBean" />
<jsp:useBean id="scheduleItem" scope="page"
class="schedule.ScheduleItem" />
<TITLE>
Schedule View
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>
Schedule
</H1>

<table border="2">
       <tr bgcolor="green">
             <th>Start Date</th>
             <th>Duration</th>
             <th>Text</th>
             <th>Event Type</th>
       </tr>

<logic:iterate id="schedItem"
         type="schedule.ScheduleItem"
         collection="<%= scheduleBean.getList() %>">
           <tr>
                <td><%= schedItem.getStart() %></td>
                <td><%= schedItem.getDuration() %></td>
                <td><%= schedItem.getText() %></td>
                <td><%= schedItem.getEventType() %></td>
           </tr>
</logic:iterate>
</table>
<p>

<a href="schedEntry.do"> Add New Schedule Item</a>

</BODY>
</HTML>

Listing 5: An HTML form using the Struts HTML custom tags.

<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld"

prefix="html" %>

<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld"

prefix="bean" %>

<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts.tld"

prefix="struts" %>

<jsp:useBean id="scheduleItem" scope="request"

class="schedule.ScheduleItem" />

<jsp:useBean id="scheduleBean" scope="page"

class="schedule.ScheduleBean" />

<% pageContext.setAttribute("eventTypes",

scheduleBean.getEventTypes()); %>

<HEAD>
<TITLE>
ScheduleEntryView
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>
Add Schedule Item
</H1>
<hr>
<html:errors/>
<html:form action="add.do">
<table border="0" width="30%" align="left">
    <tr>
        <th align="right">
           <struts:message key="prompt.duration"/>
        </th>
        <td align="left">
              <html:text property="duration"
                      size="16"/>
         </td>
     </tr>
     <tr>
          <th align="right">
              <struts:message key="prompt.eventType"/>
          </th>
          <td align="left">
              <html:select property="eventType">
                     <html:options collection="eventTypes"
                             property="value"
                            labelProperty="label"/>
              </html:select>

           </td>
     </tr>
     <tr>
        <th align="right">
          <struts:message key="prompt.start"/>
        </th>
        <td align="left">
              <html:text property="start"
                    size="16"/>
        </td>
     </tr>
     <tr>
           <th align="right">
                 <struts:message key="prompt.text"/>
           </th>
           <td align="left">
               <html:text property="text"
                      size="16"/>
           </td>
       </tr>

</BODY>
</HTML>

Listing 6: The validation method for the ScheduleItem form bean

public ActionErrors validate(

ActionMapping actionMapping,

HttpServletRequest request) {

ActionErrors ae = new ActionErrors();

if (duration < 0 || duration > 31) {

ae.add("duration", new ActionError(

"error.invalid.duration", "8"));

}

if (text == null || text.length() < 1) {

ae.add("event text",

new ActionError("error.no.text"));

}

return ae;

}